选修第一册 Unit 4 Exploring Poetry 知识点精讲

Thismayseemdifficultatfirst,butwhenyoufinallymakeyourgreatdiscovery,youreffortswillberewarded.
rewardn.报酬;奖金;奖励;回报;悬赏金vt.酬谢;奖赏,奖励
(1)give/(doing)sth.为(做)某事而给某人报酬
inreward(for)作为(对……的)报答/回报/奖赏
(2)(doing)sth.为(做)某事用……奖赏/酬谢某人
(1)Hegavetheboyarewardof$100forbringingbackhislostdog.
(2)Shewantedtorewardthecleanerswith£1,000fortheirefforts.
(3)It’sextremelyunfairthathegetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.
(4)Inreward,Ilenthimahandwhenhewasintroublelastmonth.
完成句子
(1)________,thesuccessfulbusinessmanofferedMaryapostinhiscompany.
作为回报,这位成功的商人在他的公司里给玛丽提供了一个职位。
(2)Theyrewardedtheyoungman________________.
他们因那个年轻人炸了敌军的大楼而奖赏他许多礼物。
(3)Shegotnothing________________,whichmadeherverysad.
她的好心没有得到一点回报,这使得她很伤心。
知识点2Poetry’scombinationof“sound”and“sense”makesyouseetheworldinanewwayandallowsyoutogobeyondnormalrealityfortheeverlastingbeauty.
realityn.[U]现实;真实;[C]事实;实际经历;见过的事物
(1)inreality实际上
bringbacktoreality使……面对现实/不再抱有幻想
turnintoareality把……变为现实
(2)realadj.真实的
(1)However,thisrealityalsoworriedmydesignersverymuch.
(2)Inreality,violentcrimeisrareintheremoteurbanarea.
(3)
(4)Weoughttoworkhardtogethertoturnouraimintoareality.
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Wethoughthewasseriousbutin________(real)hewasjoking.
(2)WeChinesepeoplefullyunderstandthatonlythroughgreatefforts________.
中国人民深知,只有通过艰苦努力,才能实现我们的中国梦。
知识点3Soifyoudonotgetit,setthepoemasideandcomebacktoitlater.
setaside将……放在一边;为……节省或留出(钱或时间)
setoff动身;出发;引爆;引发
setup建立;设立;开办
setdown写下;放下;记下
setout(todosth.)出发;开始(做某事)
setabout(doingsth.)着手(做某事)
(1)—Youshouldsetasideenoughtimetodiscussthesematters.
—Iknow,butIhavebeentoobusyrecently.
(2)Havingsaidgoodbyetotheirfris,theysetout/offfortheirdestination.
(3)Sincethenewstadiumwassetup,wehaveheldawiderangeofsportsevents.
(4)Hewillsetdownallhisimportantthoughtswhentheyarefreshinhismind.
(5)Togetherthefourmensetoutinahurrytolookforthelostchild.
(6)Assoonasshearrivedhome,shesetabouttidyinguptheroom.
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Theyoungmandreamsofsetting________hisowncompany.
(2)Thebankset________€1.1billiontocoverbaddebtsfrombusinessfailures.
(3)晚饭后,玛丽动手收拾餐桌。
①Aftersupper,Mary________________.
②Aftersupper,Mary________________.

approachthepoemasifyouwereanexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscape.
asif=asthough“似乎,好像”,在句中可以引导表语从句或方式状语从句。
(1)如果所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时,从句用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。
A.如果表示与现在的事实相反,从句用一般过去时,若有系动词be,则用were;
B.如果表示与过去的事实相反,从句用过去完成时;
C.如果表示与将来的事实相反,从句用would/could/might+动词原形。
注意:如果asif所引导的从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可以省略从句主语和be动词,这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
(1)Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainisgoingtomove.(陈述语气)
(2)Theteacherlovesthepupilsasifsheweretheirmother.(虚拟语气)
(3)?
(4)Tomraisedhisrighthandasiftosaysomething.
完成句子
(1)IstillremembermyfirsttriptoMountTai________________.
我还记得我第一次去泰山的情景,仿佛就在昨天。
(2)Henrylookedaroundasif________________.Actually,hewasjustbored.
亨利向四周环视,似乎在寻找什么。其实,他只是无聊罢了。
知识点5Morethananyothertypeofliterature,itusuallyimpliesadeepermeaningbeyondthewordsonthepage.
morethan后面可以跟名词、形容词、数词,意思各不相同。
(1)morethan+名词,意为“不仅仅”
(2)morethan+形容词,意为“十分,非常”
(3)morethan+数词,意为“超过,多余”
(1)Weneed________moneyandweneedtime,too.
我们需要的不仅仅是钱,我们也需要时间。
(2)IhaveknownProfessorLifor________.
我认识李教授有30多年了。
(3)Iwas________toseethelionstandingnexttothebaby.
看到狮子站在婴儿旁边,我非常惊讶。
知识点6Aslongasthejourneyofpoetryreadingmakesyoufeelsomethingorletsyouperceiveanotherlevelofmeaning,itwillhavebeenworthyoureffort.
as/solongas意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词短语有:
as/solongas只要
incase如果,万一
onconditionthat只要
(1)Youcanwriteanythingrelevant________it’sinterestingandinformative.
你可以写任何相关的内容,只要是有趣的和增长知识的。
(2)________conditionthatyoukeepstudyinghard,youcanimproveyourmath.
只要你继续努力学习,你可以提高你的数学水平。
(3)________itrains,pleasetakeyourumbrella.
万一下雨,请带上你的伞。

Instead,theyadvocatedgoingbacktonature.
advocatevt.拥护,支持,提倡n.拥护者,支持者,辩护律师
advocatesth.拥护,支持,提倡……
advocatedoingsth.支持,提倡做某事
advocatethat+从句拥护,支持,提倡……
(1)Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.
(2)Heisastrongadvocateofnuclearpower.
(3)Manyexpertsadvocaterewardingyourchildforgoodbehavior.
(4)Thereportadvocatedthatallbuildingsshouldbefittedwithsmokedetectors.
一句多译
我们提倡循环利用纸张和塑料。
(1)We________papersandplastics.
(2)________thatpapersandplasticsshouldberecycled.
知识点8andwhichdistinguisheshimfromotherlandscapepoets.
成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
(1)distinguishbetweenand区分/辨别……和……
distinguishfrom使……有别于……
distinguishoneself(as)使某人自己(作为……)表现突出
(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
bedistinguishedfor因……而出名
(1)Theycandistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.
(2)Tohismother’ssatisfaction,hehasalreadydistinguishedhimselfasanathlete.
(3)TheChinesenationisdistinguishedforitsdiligenceandcourage.
单句语法填空
(1)Honestlyspeaking,Iadmireyour________(distinguish)achievements.
(2)Keepworkinghardandyouareboundtodistinguishyourself________others.
知识点9Generationsofpoets,bothinChinaandabroad,oweadebttohisinspirationalpoems.
owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于;归因于
(1)/欠某人某物
/sth.把某事归功于某人或某事
把……归功于某人
(2)owingto因为,由于
(1)Asamatteroffact,youowedtheladyanapology.
→Asamatteroffact,youowedanapologytothelady.
(2)Thewinnersaidthatheshouldowehissuccesstohispatientcoach.
(3)Ioweittoyouthatwehavemadesuchagreatbreakthrough.
(4)Thesportsmeetingwasputoffowingtothebadweather.
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Theactorsaidthathewouldowehissuccess________hisdearteachers.
(2)Sheowed________tothedoctorthathersonwasbroughtbacktolife.
(3)________________.
谢谢你帮了我那么多。我欠你一个人情。
(4)Itwas________thattheyhadtochangethescheduleofleaving.
因为恶劣的天气他们不得不改变了离开的日程。
debtn.欠款;债务;人情债,恩情,情义
indebt负债
outofdebt不欠债
payoffdebt还清债务
get/run/fallintodebt陷入债务中
beindebttosb.=beinsb.’sdebt欠某人的钱;欠某人的情
(1)Don’tgethimtolyouanymoneyanymore,becausehehimselfisindebt.
(2)Sheisapersonwhodoesn’tliketobeindebttoanyoneforanyreasons.
(3)Themanagergot/ran/fellintoheavydebtandwasarrestedyesterdayevening.
完成句子
(1)Ifwehaveagoodharvestthisyear,we________.
如果我们今年有个好收成,我们就不会负债了。
(2)We’ll________ifyouspmorethanourincome.
要是你花的比我们挣的还多,我们就要欠债了。
(3)WhatmakesmehappyisthatI’ll________nextyear.
让我高兴的是我明年就能还清债务了。

Arelosingtheirsandblamingitonyou
blamevt.责备;谴责;把……归咎于n.过失;责备;指责
(1)betoblame(forsth.)(对某事)负有责任,应受责备
因某事责备某人;把某事归咎于某人
/sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事
(2)put/将某事归咎于某人
bear/taketheblame(forsth.)(对某事)承担责任
(1)Itisthedriver,ratherthanthepassengersthatistoblamefortheaccident.
(2)Themanagingdirectorwasblamedfortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.
(3)Don’talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers,whichisofnogoodtoyou.
(4)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.
(5)Inconclusion,everyoneshouldtaketheblameforourcommunity.
完成句子
(1)Thepollutedwater________thespreadofcholera.
被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。
(2)________byhisteacher,theboywasinlowspirits.
被老师责备后,这个男孩心情低落。
(3)Police________________.
警方把事故归咎于危险驾驶。
(4)Ifthathappens,thecoach________________.
如果发生那样的事,教练将对此负责。
知识点11ThisopenandtolerantatmosphereallowedLiBaithelibertytodevelopafreeandunconstrainedpersonality,
tolerantadj.宽容的;容忍的;能耐……的
(1)betolerantof容忍……
(2)toleratevt.容忍;忍受
tolerate(doing)sth.忍受(做)某事
(1)He________opinionsdifferentfromhisown.
他不太能容忍与他自己不同的意见。
(2)Icantoleratethehouse________,butIhateitifit’snotclean.
我可以容忍房间里不整齐,但是我讨厌房间里脏乱不堪。
知识点12ItisbelievedthatthispoemwaswrittenbyLiBaiinhisteenageyears.
※本句属于“It+be+过去分词+that”结构,其中that引导主语从句,it是形式主语。
※Itisbelievedthat人们相信……
Itissaidthat据说……
Itisreportedthat据报道……
Itisthoughtthat人们认为……
Itisknownthat众所周知……
※“It+be+过去分词+that”可以改写为:“Sb./Sth.+be+过去分词+不定式”。
(1)________globalwarmingisduetohumanactivities.
人们相信,全球变暖归因于人类的活动。
(2)________onethirdofcitizensplantobuyacar.
据报道,三分之一的市民打算买车。
(3)________theairinthiscitywillbecomemuchcleaner.
人们希望这个城市的空气会变得更干净。
[句型转换]
(4)Itissaidthathissonisstudyinginaforeigncountrynow.
→Hisson________inaforeigncountrynow.
